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The Malacañan Palace (officially Malacañan Palace, colloquially "Malacañang" (:malakɐˈɲaŋ); Spanish: ''Palacio de Malacañan'') is the official residence and principal workplace of the President of the Philippines. The original structure was built in 1750 by Don Luís Rocha as a summer house along the Pasig River. It was purchased by the state in 1825 as the summer residence for the Spanish Governor-General. After the June 3, 1863 earthquake destroyed the ''Palacio del Governador'' (Governor's Palace) in the walled city of Manila, it became the Governor-General's official residence. After sovereignty over the Islands was ceded to the United States in 1898, it became the residence of the American Governors, with Gen. Wesley Merritt being the first.〔("Residents of Malacañan Palace and their respective periods of residence" ). Presidential Museum & Library (Philippines). Retrieved on 2013-06-06.〕 Since 1863, the Palace has been occupied by eighteen Spanish Governors General, fourteen American Military and Civil Governors, and later the Presidents of the Philippines.〔 The Palace had been enlarged and refurbished several times since 1750; the grounds were expanded to include neighboring estates, and many buildings were demolished and constructed during the Spanish and American periods. Most recently, the Palace complex was again drastically remodeled and extensively rebuilt during the rule of Ferdinand Marcos.〔 Among the presidents of the present Fifth Republic, only Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo has actually lived in the main Palace, with all others residing in nearby properties that form part of the larger Palace complex.〔("Malacañan Palace" ). Presidential Library and Museum. Retrieved on 2013-06-15.〕 The Palace has been seized several times as the result of protests starting with the People Power Revolution, the 1989 coup attempt (when the Palace was buzzed by T-28 Trojans); the 2001 Manila riots; and the EDSA III or May 1 riots. ==Etymology== The official etymology word from the 1930s says the name comes from the Tagalog phrase "''May lakán diyán''" ("there is a nobleman there"), and as it was originally the home of a wealthy Spanish aristocrat merchant by the river. The Spaniards meanwhile claimed the name came from the term "''mámalakaya''", referring to the fishermen who once laid out their catch on the river bend where the Palace now stands.〔Quezon, Manuel III L. (2005) ''Malacañan Palace: The Official Illustrated History'' Studio 5 Publishing, Manila, ISBN 971-91353-9-5"〕 A more mundane claim is that the Palace was christened after the old name of street along which it was located, ''Calzada de Malacañáng'' (English: Malacañang Street).〔De Moya y Jimenez, Francisco Javier (1882). ("Las Islas Filipinas en 1882: estudios historicos, geográficos, estadísticos" ), pg. 274. El Correo, Madrid.〕 The Rocha family meanwhile holds that the term “Malacañáng” is directly attributed to Luís Rocha. In a 1972 interview by Ileana Maramag, Antonio Rocha related that his ancestor would take ''siesta'' in the house that he had built and that his Sikh watchman would hush any noisy passers-by. The watchman would say "''Malakí iyán''" (“he is () big ()”) whilst gesturing towards the house. Another probable origin is the name being a point of reference for ancient water traffic on the Pasig. When heading downstream, the area of the present-day Palace is on the right bank of the Pasig, and the Tagalog word ''malakánan'' means "of the right." The river is somewhat long and meandering, with a lengthy right bank, and its only division is at the Isla de Convalecencia located a little further downstream, hence the need to distinguish between its left and right forks. In current political and common parlance, "Malacañang" and "the Palace" has become metonyms for the Presidency, the executive branch and by extension the national government as a whole. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Malacañang Palace」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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